The key facts

  • WHO published its first global report on inequality in noncommunicable diseases (cancer, cardiovascular, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes)
  • Less educated groups in low- and middle-income countries more often have hypertension and diabetes; poor and less educated women are less likely to undergo cervical cancer screening
  • Men smoke and drink more often but are less likely to treat hypertension; women more often suffer from obesity and low physical activity

The first global measurement of inequality

On Tuesday, October 20, the World Health Organization presented its first global report on inequality in noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The analysis covered cancer, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes, as well as risk factors: tobacco use, obesity, unhealthy diet and air pollution. “We know that inequality is embedded in all aspects of health, but this is the first attempt to systematically measure inequality in NCDs and their risk factors on a global scale,” noted WHO expert Ahmad Reza Hosseinpur.

Who is at risk

According to the report, in low- and middle-income countries, less educated population groups suffer more often from hypertension and diabetes. Poor and less educated women are less likely to undergo cervical cancer screening. Rural residents in many countries face greater barriers in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension and in cancer screening than urban dwellers. Young adults with hypertension are less likely to receive a diagnosis and treatment compared with older patients.

Gender differences

The report also recorded gender inequality. Men use tobacco and alcohol more often but are less likely to undergo diagnosis and treatment for hypertension. Women, especially in low- and middle-income countries, more often face insufficient physical activity and obesity.

A call to action

WHO called on governments to strengthen prevention, screening and treatment for underserved population groups, as well as to improve data collection to identify gaps in access to medical care. “Inequality data are not just a record of differences, they are a tool for action,” emphasized WHO Director of Data Alain Labrique.